Swallowing/dysphagia
Bagnato F, Centonze D, Galgani S, et al. Painful and involuntary multiple sclerosis. Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2011; 12(5):763-77.
In this review, the current knowledge of the impact pain, dysphagia, respiratory problems, sexual and cardiovascular dysfunctions have in patients with MS is summarized.
Restivo DA, Marchese-Ragona R, Patti F, et al. Botulinum toxin improves dysphagia associated with multiple sclerosis. Eur J Neurol 2011; 18(3):486-90
Aimed to evaluate the efficacy of botulinum neurotoxin type A (BoNT/A) for severe oro-pharyngeal dysphagia associated with MS. All patients showed a significant improvement in all the swallowing outcome measures. This suggests a potential benefit from BoNT/A treatment in MS patients with dysphagia associated with upper esophageal sphincter hyperactivity
Poorjavad M, Derakhshandeh F, Etemadifar M, et al. Associated factors with swallowing disorders in patients with multiple sclerosis. J Isfahan Med School 2010; 28(104):40-46.
Aimed to identify factors associated with different kinds of swallowing disorders in people with MS. Emphasizes the importance of assessment and management of swallowing function in multiple sclerosis patients, especially in patients with a high EDSS score and long disease duration.
Poorjavad M, Derakhshandeh F, Etemadifar M, et al. Oropharyngeal dysphagia in multiple sclerosis. Mult Scler 2010; 16(3):362-365.
Investigated the prevalence of different kinds of swallowing disorders in MS patients with mild to moderate disability; and identified possible associations between clinical and demographic features of patients and the presence of dysphagia.
Giusti A, Giambuzzi M. Management of dysphagia in patients affected by multiple sclerosis: State of the art. Neurol Sci 2008; 29(SUPPL. 4):S364-S366.
Describes treatment plans of mild, moderate and severe dysphagia following a preliminary assessment of symptoms carried out according to the O'Neil dysphagia graduation scale.
Tassorelli C, Bergamaschi R, Buscone S, et al. Dysphagia in multiple sclerosis: From pathogenesis to diagnosis. Neurol Sci 2008; 29 (SUPPL. 4):S360-S363.
Explores abnormalities of swallowing commonly encountered in MS, especially in the most disabled individuals. Proposes an integrated approach to define the severity of dysphagia and to devise the most appropriate therapeutic/ rehabilitative methodology.
Bergamaschi R, Crivelli P, Rezzani C, et al. The DYMUS questionnaire for the assessment of dysphagia in multiple sclerosis. J Neurol Sci 2008; 269 1-2):49-53.
A questionnaire (DYsphagia in MUltiple Sclerosis, DYMUS) was developed and administered to 226 consecutive MS patients during control visits in four Italian MS Centres. DYMUS demonstrated itself as an easy and consistent tool to detect dysphagia and its main characteristics in MS. It can be used for preliminary selection of patients to submit to more specific instrumental analyses, and to direct toward programs for prevention of aspiration.
Giusti A, Giambuzzi M. Management of dysphagia in patients affected by multiple sclerosis: state of the art. Neurol Sci 2008; 29 (SUPPL. 4): S364-S366
Article describes treatment plans of mild, moderate and severe dysphagia following a preliminary assessment of symptoms carried out according to the O'Neil dysphagia graduation scale.
Tassorelli C, Bergamaschi R, Buscone S. Dysphagia in multiple sclerosis: from pathogenesis to diagnosis. Neurol Sci 2008; 29 (SUPPL. 4): S360-S363.
Article describes how MS patients should be effectively evaluated and managed in order to recognize dysphagia before any medical complications such as aspiration pneumonia appear. Emphasis is placed on an integrated approach to define the severity of dysphagia and to devise the most appropriate therapeutic/ rehabilitative methodology.
Marchese-Ragona A, Restivo DA, Marioni G, et al. Evaluation of swallowing disorders in multiple sclerosis. Neurol Sci 2006; 27 Suppl 4:335-7
More than 30% of people with MS develop swallowing problems, and complications of dysphagia such as dehydration and aspiration pneumonia are common causes of mortality and morbidity in late MS. Swallowing rehabilitation in MS-related dysphagia should start with a thorough evaluation of swallowing ability.
Restivo DA, Marchese-Ragona R, Patti F. Management of swallowing disorders in multiple sclerosis. Neurol Sci 2006; 27 Suppl 4:s338-40
Management of dysphagia should focus on the specific dysphagic symptom. The management of dysphagia should be focused on treatment of the specific dysphagic symptom and the underlying pathophysiology
Calcagno P, RuoppoloG, Grasso MG, DeVincentiis M, Paolucci S. Dysphagia in multiple sclerosis – prevalence and prognostic factors. Acta Neurol Scand 2002;105(1):40-3.
Analysed swallowing function in 143 people with progressive MS. 49 people had dysphagia; compensatory strategies restored function in 46 of these.